The Earth

Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only known celestial body to support life. It formed about 4.5 billion years ago and has a diverse structure consisting of a solid inner core, liquid outer core, mantle, and crust. Earth's surface is about 70% water, with vast oceans, seas, and freshwater bodies, and 30% land, including continents and islands. Earth's atmosphere is mainly composed of nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%), along with trace amounts of other gases. This atmosphere plays a critical role in regulating the planet's temperature and supporting life by protecting it from harmful solar radiation. The planet is dynamic, with plate tectonics that cause earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountain ranges. Earth orbits the Sun in about 365.25 days, resulting in seasons, while rotating on its axis every 24 hours, creating day and night. Earth's biosphere supports millions of species, including humans. The planet's climate varies significantly, from arctic cold to tropical warmth, influenced by latitude, elevation, and ocean currents. Human activity, especially industrialization, has impacted Earth’s ecosystems and climate, leading to global environmental challenges such as pollution, deforestation, and climate change.

Learn More